IPC section 76 – Indian Penal Code Section 76
Section Number: 76
Section Name: Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law
Description: Nothing is an offence which is done by a person who is, or who by reason of a mistake of fact and not by reason of a mistake of law in good faith believes himself to be, bound by law to do it.
Example scenario
Man 1: Is a battalion personnel.
Man 2: Man 1′s higher offical.
Upon the orders of Man 2 ‘s instructions the battalion person fires againts a group indulged in illegal activties. Man 1 is committed no crime.
IPC section 80 – Indian Penal Code Section 80
Section Number: 80
Section Name: Accident in doing a lawful act
Description: Nothing is an offence which is done by accident or misfortune, and without any criminal intention or knowledge in the doing of a lawful act in a lawful manner by lawful means and with proper care and caution.
Example scenario
Sam is a woodcutter. Raj is a fellow villager some 20 feet away from Sam. While Sam is cutting wood the head of axe flies and broke Raj’s head into death. Being with proper caution and care, now Sam has done NO crime or offence.
IPC section 81- Indian Penal Code Section 81
Section Number: 81
Section Name: Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm
Description: Nothing is an offence merely by reason of its being done with the knowledge that it is likely to cause harm, if it be done without any criminal intention to cause harm, and in good faith for the purpose of preventing or avoiding other harm to person or property.
Example Scenario
Smith is working as captain in a large boat. The boat consists of 3 small boats A, B and C which contains 3,20 and 10 people respectively. Unfortunately there was a mechanical fault in the Captain’ s boat so that i cant hold more weight. He makes his mind as stone and dropped the boat A which has 2 peoples inorder to save people in boat B and C. Now Smith has committed NO crime or offence.
